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Eva Mändlová (later Roubíčková, 1921-2013) was born in Sudetenland (now Žatec, Czech Republic) to Arnost (1888-1944) and Antonia (1899-1944) Mändl. Arnost, a veteran of World War I, was a professor of Latin and Greek and Antonia took care of Eva and was a volunteer organist at their synagogue. In the mid-1930s Arnost became increasingly concerned for his family’s safety because Eva was experiencing ...

Article II(b) of the UN Genocide Convention is rarely applied to a specific case in genocide studies. The Australian Aboriginal experience illustrates Article II(a) physical killing and II(e) child removal well enough. But in the longer term, II(b) "causing serious bodily or mental harm" has been the major process in destroying Aboriginal llife and culture since the start of the twentieth century. ...

During a walk to town, Elizabeth Welt Trahan allows the memories of her childhood to surface after more than a half century - first in short, disconnected snippets but then more and more insistently, until she is pulled back into the nightmarish world of Hitler's Vienna where, being Jewish, she barely survived. But this is also the story of the maturing process of a young girl during those shattering ...

Picture postcard presented to 12 year old Jakub Lapides in the school he attended in the Jewish ghetto in Łódź, Poland, from 1939-1942. It recognizes his contribution to student self-government in the orphanage from August-September 1940. Jakub and his three siblings were living in an orphanage in Łódź, Poland, when it was occupied by the Germans in September 1939. The Jews were forced into a ghetto ...

"The exhibition Auschwitz: Not Long Ago. Not Far Away. uses 600 original objects, 400 images, and 10 stories to provide a comprehensive history of Auschwitz concentration camp and the role it played in the Holocaust. The catalog of Auschwitz: Not Long Ago. Not Far Away. is not only a valuable document of this unprecedented exhibition, but one of the best books for the general readers on the history ...

50,000 Communists at Berlin May Day demonstration. The camera pans over a huge crowd, holding signs, banners, and flags. They sing the Internationale (?). A man speaks but the words are barely audible. He is shot from far back in the crowd and not identifiable. He is then shown closer up briefly, but then flags obscure half of his face. The camera pans over the crowds as they leave the demonstration. ...

Martha Michelson was the wife of a Nazi schoolteacher in Chelmno. She talks about the Sonderkommando, Jews killed in a church, the terrible smell that pervaded the town when bodies were burned, the Poles' attitude toward the Jews, and the operation of gas vans. She says that she told people in Germany about the extermination in 1942 or 1943 but they accused her of spreading atrocity propaganda. FILM ...

Leif Herman Rosenstock was born in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1926. His father, Noah Rosenstock, was a locksmith and his mother, Frida Frajdla Eisen Rosenstock, took care of the children. Leif Rosenstock had two younger siblings: Eva Lillian, born in 1928 and John Moritz, born in 1941. The Rosenstock family included Leif’s paternal grandparents: Isak Rosenstock, born in Lund, Sweden in 1880; his wife, ...

Lists were compiled between April and August 1944.