Africa and the Americas is a collection of recent scholarly works addressing pertinent themes and using innovative approaches and methodologies to advance research on the "Atlantic World" by demonstrating how the slave trade facilitated the creation of one world where before there had been many. The volume includes several of the leading scholars from Brazil, North America and Africa. Because of its ...

In 1838, the British government outlawed the slave trade, emancipated all of the slaves in its possessions, and began to interdict slave ships en route to the Americas. Almost at once, colonies that had depended on slave labour were faced with a liberated and unwilling labour force. At the same time, newly freed slaves in Sierra Leone (and later from America and elsewhere) were "persuaded" to emigrate ...

"Marché Noir Kenneth Mouré shows how the black market in Vichy France developed not only to serve German exploitation, but also as an essential strategy for survival for commerce and consumers. His analysis explains how and why the black market became so prevalent and powerful in France and remained necessary after Liberation. Marché Noir draws on diverse French archives as well as diaries, memoirs ...

Very large Musterbetriebsfahne [Model factory banner], torn into two panels, of the type awarded by the National Socialist German Labor Front [DAF / Deutsche Arbeitsfront] as of 1941. Known as the Golden Banner, it has a black swastika inside a 14 pronged gold cogwheel on a red field, the symbol of the DAF. The Nazi regime abolished all trade unions in 1933 except the DAF, to ensure political control ...

Abraham at the zoo in the Netherlands, bears and lions. 01:07:53 In black and white, children sled in the snow. Two men pull a heavy load on a wagon.

MS, horse, pasture. CU, feeding horse. Little boy sitting on horse without saddle. WS, horse running through field. CU, sheep. 02:30:11 Moving train, shot from inside, piles of bricks in open wagons. Farming: young man plowing by hand. Horse-pulled plower. Pan of group of young men and women in black uniforms preparing soil for seeds, using cylindrical wooden tool. Women with yutta bags around their ...

The collection consists of diaries, eyewitness accounts, testimonies, essays, official and underground publications, documents from the Jewish councils (Judenrats). The materials pertain to Jewish communities, ghettos, labor camps and to Jews living illegally on the "Aryan side." Materials on the Warsaw Ghetto include a manuscript diary and other notes by Emanuel Ringelblum. Essays by other members ...

Elias Cala was born September 19, 1917, to a Jewish family in Dobrzyn nad Wisla. His parents were Joseph (b. 1885) and Miriam (nee Diamont). He was the middle child of five siblings, Rachel (b.1914), Saul (b. 1916), Shlomo (b. 1920), and Victor (b. 1925). His father died of natural causes before World War II. In 1938, Elias entered the Polish army. His older brother, Saul, had been conscripted, but ...

Slate: GEVAERT CINE-FILM. WS of outdoor wooden sign: INDUSTRIE, VERWALTUNG, HAUPTMAGAZIN, KLEIDER KAMMER. 03:12:15 WS choir, children and adults singing. Shots of conductor and piano player [VQ: washed out, unfocused]. 03:13:41 CU of two young girls singing in the choir with Star of David on one of girls' blouse. Christian religious service, wooden cross in front of minister dressed in black cloak ...

"A masterful telling of the way World War Two has been remembered, forgotten, and remade by Canada over seventy-five years. The Second World War shaped modern Canada. It led to the country's emergence as a middle power on the world stage; the rise of the welfare state; industrialization, urbanization, and population growth. After the war, Canada increasingly turned toward the United States in matters ...

Claude Lanzmann was born in Paris to a Jewish family that immigrated to France from Eastern Europe. He attended the Lycée Blaise-Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand. His family went into hiding during World War II. He joined the French resistance at the age of 18 and fought in the Auvergne. Lanzmann opposed the French war in Algeria and signed a 1960 antiwar petition. From 1952 to 1959 he lived with Simone ...

Copyright Holder: Archiwum Państwowe w Warszawie

The SS and Police Leader of Libau was a special institution of the German police in Courland (Kurzeme). According to the order of Himmler dated September 8, 1941, Otto Dietrich was appointed as SS and Police Leader of Libau and was directly subordinate to Walter Schroeder, the SS and Police Leader in Latvia. On November 16, 1943, the position was closed. The main goal of the institution was to repress ...

The SS-appointed German manager of a textile factory, Alfred Rossner, protected and saved some Jewish workers and has been named a "Righteous Gentile" by Yad Vashem. For more information about Alfred Rossner, see the chapter in Mordechai Paldiel's book "Saving the Jews: Amazing Stories of Men and Women who Defied the 'Final Solution'" (2000).

Hester (Hesje) Jas, the daughter of close family friends, plays inside and then outside on the sidewalk in various outfits. Her father Benjamin, a member of the Jewish Council in Scheveningen, is visible. Hester (b. February 15, 1938) was later killed with her mother Elisabeth Querido Jas at Sobibor on June 11, 1943. Benjamin was also killed at Sobibor on July 16, 1943, with his son Eddie Jas (b. July ...

Elisheva (Ellis) Lehman (nee Cohen-Paraira) was born in Amsterdam on April 22, 1924. Her brother Abraham (Bram or Bob) was born on August 25, 1926. They were raised in Scheveningen, a seaside town in the Hague. Their mother, Susie Nabarro, died of cancer in 1938, and their father, David, remarried in 1941. David was an artist and, later, a traveling salesman for a cigar factory. At the age of 17, Ellis ...

Ellis and her brother Abraham pose in front of blooming tree, probably in Scheveningen in 1938. Deer grazing at a park in the Hague. David with Ellis and Marian Viskoop, a family friend later killed at Sobibor. 01:10:33 A pier close to the family home on Maastrichtsestraat in Scheveningen, "SCH" on the boats. 01:10:37 Good shots of David, Abraham, and Ellis walking hand-in-hand in town. Clock and illegible ...

Elisheva (Ellis) Lehman (nee Cohen-Paraira) was born in Amsterdam on April 22, 1924. Her brother Abraham (Bram or Bob) was born on August 25, 1926. They were raised in Scheveningen, a seaside town in the Hague. Their mother, Susie Nabarro, died of cancer in 1938, and their father, David, remarried in 1941. David was an artist and, later, a traveling salesman for a cigar factory. At the age of 17, Ellis ...

Jews walking on sidewalk, nicely dressed, past storefronts, including "Schumacherei". Jewish Stars marked "Jude" worn on clothing, mostly young adults. CUs. Funny angle up, Jewish star on clothes of boy and his dad. 01:00:24 Policeman passing quickly close to camera. 01:00:30 Large group of many smiling women with Jewish stars close together, elevated camera angle. CU, pan CU to more faces. 01:00:31 ...

Crowded parade in the Netherlands, probably for Queen's Day [Koninginnedag] on April 30, most likely in 1938. Floats proceed around a corner, shop sign, "J. Wagema..." visible in BG. Group of butchers in white march together holding a sign reading (in part) "De Platte Rib" with a drawing of a pig and hanging sausage links. Another float with men in crowns folllowed by police on horseback, men with ...

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Copyright Holder: United Nations Archives and Records Management Section