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Documents on the Sepahardim collected by Ernesto Gimenez Caballero. The following notes come from intertitles from the film, restored by NCJF in 1994: The Jews lived in Spain, more or less tolerated, from the time before Christ until March 31, 1492, the date of the national consolidation of Spain. And in this land of "Galud" (Exile), they produced a rich culture for centuries. For this reason Spain, ...

Digital copy available as collection KD_00122 at Kazerne Dossin

Paula Biren was a young Jewish woman living in Łódź, Poland when the Germans invaded in 1939. She survived the Łódź ghetto and Auschwitz. In her interview with Claude Lanzmann, Biren describes the occupation of Łódź, ghettoization, the children's Aktion of September 1942, and her deportation to Auschwitz. FILM ID 3105 -- Camera Rolls #1-4 -- 03:00:09 to (03:00:09) Biren and Lanzmann are seated outdoors. ...