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The Serafina and Bola Friedler papers comprise documents and photographs concerning Serafina and Bola Friedler, a mother and daughter from Borysław, Poland (now Boryslav, Ukraine) who survived the Holocaust after being liberated from Auschwitz in 1945. Among the documents collected by the Serafina and Bola are Red Cross identification cards issued to them after their liberation, an autograph book used ...

Yehuda (Yidl) Jakob Wajnsztajn (Eddie Weinstein) was born September 26, 1924, in Losice, Poland, to Asher and Leah Brukman Weinstein. His brother Srulek (Israel) was born in 1926. His father was a tailor, but supported the family selling farm products. Yidl attended public school , then yeshiva. Losice was bombed during the September 1939 invasion of Poland by Germany. In August 1940, the Germans began ...

Frederick (Jerzy) Bitter was born on April 4, 1941, in Lvov, Poland [Lviv, Ukraine)]. His mother, Cecylia, a vocational school administrator, was born on July 31, 1912, in Przemyśl, Poland. His father, Marek Bitter, an electrician, was born on April 4, 1941. Though Jewish, the family was not religious, and adhered to Communist and Socialist ideals. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. Cecylia ...

Factory-printed Star of David badge acquired by the sculptor, Jacques Lipchitz. In June 1942, all Jews in German-occupied France were required to wear a badge that consisted of a yellow Star of David with a black-outline and the word “Jew” printed in French inside the star. The badge was used to stigmatize and control the Jewish population. They were distributed by the government and police authorities, ...

Irene Dorothy Rosenthal was born on January 27, 1906, in Vienna, Austria, to Jewish parents, Dr. Laszlo (Ladislaus) and Gisela Leuchtag Rosenthal. She had an older brother, Erich, who was born on September 5, 1905. She was raised in Hamburg, Germany. Her father had a dental office in the lower part of their house. She revealed a talent for art at any early age and received art lessons from her father. ...

Calling card for Ella Nussbaum found in the autograph album, 1994.53.6.1, owned by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized ...

Calling card for Ruth Phillip found in the autograph album, 1994.53.6.1, owned by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized ...

Calling card for Fanny Beit found in the autograph album, 1994.53.6.1, owned by Irene Rosenthal. Irene fled Nazi ruled Austria for the United States in March 1940. German troops marched over the border into Austria in March 1938. The next day, Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany. Anti-Jewish legislation was enacted to strip Jews of their civil rights. The November 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom vandalized ...

Irene Dorothy Rosenthal was born on January 27, 1906, in Vienna, Austria, to Jewish parents, Dr. Laszlo (Ladislaus) and Gisela Leuchtag Rosenthal. She had an older brother, Erich, who was born on September 5, 1905. She was raised in Hamburg, Germany. Her father had a dental office in the lower part of their house. She revealed a talent for art at any early age and received art lessons from her father. ...

Irene Dorothy Rosenthal was born on January 27, 1906, in Vienna, Austria, to Jewish parents, Dr. Laszlo (Ladislaus) and Gisela Leuchtag Rosenthal. She had an older brother, Erich, who was born on September 5, 1905. She was raised in Hamburg, Germany. Her father had a dental office in the lower part of their house. She revealed a talent for art at any early age and received art lessons from her father. ...