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MLS: town square, women and children are walking through the square. CU of bas relief sculptures on buildings, and a Jewish shop right below in this ornate building. CU of a street vendor blowing up a balloon. Warsaw: VS: park, statues, monument, women out strolling with their babies in fancy carriages. More street scenes, activity, shops, etc. MLS of trolley car as it approaches the camera, the sign ...

Notgeld (German for "emergency money" or "necessity money") refers to money issued by an institution in a time of economic or political crisis. The issuing institution is usually one without official sanction from the central government. This occurs usually when sufficient state-produced money is not available from the central bank. Most notably, Notgeld generally refers to money produced in Germany ...

Jewish shelter on Mansell Street, Whitechapel, London, England. Permanent institution for helping poor Jews, housing approximately 120 refugees (mostly Austrian). Dining hall, crowded, free meals. Adolph and Sarah Michaelson, the Superintendant and Matron of the shelter from about 1912 until 1940, appear in this sequence (Adolph is the gentleman with the mustache standing at 06:01:13 and at right at ...

Mimeographed testimony and evidence, relating to the trials of alleged German war criminals at Nuremberg. The Hoover Institution Archives has a collection of documents from the Nuremburg Trials, but it is not complete and not indexed. You should consult the published sets of Nuremburg documents. One set, in 42 volumes, contains the proceedings of the trials and documents relating to them (such as evidence, ...

Forrest James Robinson was born on September 22, 1922, in Winfield, Kansas, to William J. and Gladys S. Sheldon Robinson. He had four older siblings: Martha, William, Frances, and Doris. On December 8, 1941, following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II. Forrest was attending Southwestern College, but left to enlist in the US Army in 1943. He was sent to an Army Specialist ...

On November 7, 1938, a Jewish teenager, Herschel Grynszpan, fatally shot a German diplomat in Paris. Within three days anti Jewish violence erupted throughout Germany, initially incited by local Nazi officials, and ultimately sanctioned by the decisions of Hitler and Goebbels at the pinnacle of the Third Reich. As synagogues burned and Jews were beaten in the streets, police stood aside. Men, women, ...

Colonel Alexander Zabin, MD was an American soldier from Malverne, Long Island, New York. As part of General Patton's 3rd Army, he served with the 4th Auxiliary Surgical Group. He landed on Normandy Beach on D-Day plus 1 and worked in the first US Army field hospital set up in France. He was with the 3rd Army through the campaigns in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany and Czechoslovakia. Dr. Zabin ...

"Stalinism at War tells the epic story of the Soviet Union in World War Two. Starting with Soviet involvement in the war in Asia and ending with a bloody counter-insurgency in the borderlands of Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltics, the Soviet Union's war was both considerably longer and more all-encompassing than is sometimes appreciated. Here, acclaimed scholar Mark Edele explores the complex experiences ...

Analyzes the conglomerate Sipo (Sicherheitspolizei; fusion of the Kriminalpolizei and the Gestapo) and SD (Sicherheitsdienst), created by Himmler in 1936 and commanded by Heydrich, as an amalgam of Nazi Party and state agencies which constituted the heart of the National-Socialist police state based on terror and mass murder. Advocates the polycratic-functionalist theory as against intentionalism, ...

"While the coerced human experiments are notorious among all the atrocities under National Socialism, they have been marginalised by mainstream historians. This book seeks to remedy the marginalisation, and to place the experiments in the context of the broad history of National Socialism and the Holocaust. Paul Weindling bases this study on the reconstruction of a victim group through individual victims' ...

Jewish shelter on Mansell Street, Whitechapel, London, England. Permanent institution for helping poor Jews, housing approximately 120 refugees (mostly Austrian). Dining hall, crowded, free meals. Adolph and Sarah Michaelson, the Superintendant and Matron of the shelter from about 1912 until 1940, appear in this sequence (Adolph is the gentleman with the mustache standing at 04:00:05 and at right at ...

Town Hall in Białystok in Poland, a commercial district. Woman and young girl on a narrow street as an older woman and man approach along the side of the left building. Horse drawn cart carrying a man and barrels moves through town. Pans right on the town and a row of houses on a tree-lined street. A lake with with floating wood rafts. 01:00:27 CU of four women and one man all smiling and waving to ...